gza naTeli cnobierebisken

gza naTeli cnobierebisken

Tavi 04 – “ganmasxvavebebi cnobiereba”

“cxeni Cliqebis gareSe cxeni araa”

v. kresse “cxenebis movla”

“rodesac naTlad vxedav, rom mecnierebs arc realuris ararealurisgan gansxvavebis unari, arc uvneboba ar gaaCniaT, vgrZnob, rom isini Calas hgaven, an Zerebs hgaven, romlebic caSi maRla frenen, xolo maTi Wkua miwaze dagdebul leSsaa mijaWvuli”.

ramakriSna

Tavis sarCevi:

04-01) ganmasxvavebeli cnobierebis (gc) zogadi ganxilva.

04-02) daviwyebis praqtika. ganaTebuli saxeebis gaCenis praqtika.

04-03) sakuTar TavTan dialogis moSoreba.

04-01) rodesac varCev wignsa da magidas, lurjsa da yviTels, es niSnavs, rom gansxvavebis unari vlindeba – “ganmasxvavebeli cnobiereba” (“gc”). fiqrebi, survilebi, emociebi, SegrZnebebi da gc aRqmebis srul nakrebs Seadgens, romelsac terminiT “pirovneba” aRvniSnav.

gc, SeiZleba iyos meqanikuri da ganaTebuli. meqanikuri gc (“mgc”) Cveulebisamebr, meqanikuradaa gaziarebuli, da agreTve ga-s ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi Cndeba. magaliTad, xis xilvisas vambobT, rom foTlebi, Rero da rtoebi misi nawilebia, anu aRqmebis garkveul erTobliobebs rogorc calkeul jgufebs vasxvavebT, romlebic erTmaneTTan erTian cneba “xe”-Sia Serwymuli. manqana, romelic xesTan dgas, mis nawilad Cvens mier ar aRiqmeva, radgan rodesac nebismier xes vxedavT, TiTqmis yovelTvis foTlebsa da rtoebs vxedavT, manqanas ki – Zalian iSviaTad. aseTi garCeva mgc ar aris, radgan dakvirvebebs, gamocdilebas eyrdnoba. magram aravis TavSi ar mouva silamaze xis nawilad aRiqvas, Tumca yovelTvis, rodesac nebismier xes vuyureb, silamazis grZnobis afeTqebas ganvicdi (rasakvirvelia, Tu amasTan ga-sac ganvicdi), amasTan silamazis yovel afeTqebas sakuTari ganumeorebeli elferi aqvs, ise, rogorc ganumeorebelia nebicmieri foToli, rto. imis mizezi, rom silamazis grZnobis uamrav elfers ver varCevT, isaa, rom mas Zalian iSviaTad ganvicdiT, amitomac elferebis garCevis Cveva Camoyalibebuli ar gvaqvs, es elferebi abralod gamovlenili ar aris.

mizezi imisa, rom adamiani, romelic silamazis uamrav elfers SeigrZnobs, silamazis aRqmas xis nawilad mainc ar miiCnevs, mgc-s magaliTia – Cven Zalian miCveulni varT imas, rom silamazis grZnobas “sakuTari Tavis nawilad” aRviqvamT.

ne-s, koncefciebis, meqanikuri survilebis, “cudi sulieri ganwyobilebis” (anu negatiuri SegrZnebebis) moSorebis procesSi, aseve ga-s gancdis procesSi mgs adgils gc-s uTmobs, romelic amgvarad ganviTarebas iwyebs, da amasTan:

a) dausabuTebeli gansxvavebebi gadaxedvas eqvemdebareba da maT aSoreb. magaliTad, mkerdis rodorc “wesierad gamoyurebadis” garCeva, Tu sawovrebi mofarulia, da “arawesierad gamoyurebadis”, Tu isini Riaa. amgvari gansxvavebis dausabuTeblobis sicxadis miRwevisa da am gansxvavebis moSorebis sasixarulo survilis warmoqmnis Sedegad amas aSoreb.

b) miuxedavad imisa, rom gamocdilebiT dasabuTebuli gansxvavebebi rCeba, isini imdenad ar dominirebs, rom alternatiul garCevas gza mTlianad gadauketon. magaliTad, SemiZlia “vixilo xe” rogorc rtoebisa da foTlebis erToblioba, da aseve SemiZlia sakuTari surviliT daviwyo misi “xilva” rogorc Crdilebisa da Sualedebis, romlebzec ca Cans, erTobliobis.

g) ga-s elferTa sul ufro meti raodenobis garCeva Cndeba

d) axali ga-ebis garCeva Cndeba

e) axali mdgradi, urTierTdakavSirebuli aRqmebis erTobliobis garCeva Cndeba, rasac SeiZleba “axali samyaroebi” vuwodoT. maT Sorisaa Segnebuli sizmrebis samyaro, sxeulgareSe aRqmebis samyaro da uamravi sxva. rogorc ki Cndeba axali samyaros garCeva, mdgomareobac Cndeba, romelsac SeiZleba vuwodoT “me isa da is gavxdi”. SesaZlebelia erTdroulad ramdenime samyaros garCeva, anu erTi da igive momentSi SeiZleba viyoT pirovnebac (anu am momentSi aris 5 aRqmis (skandhis) garCeva, romlebic pirovnebas qmnian), da sxva samyaroSi sxva arsebac (anu am momentSi sxva aRqmebis jgufebis garCevaa).

mgc-s Sesustebisa da ggc-s ganviTarebis efeqturi praqtika garCevis cikluri aRqmis praqtikaa (“garCevis ca”). magaliTad, bnel oTaxSi ramdenjerme gadatrialdebi, Sedegad ki ar ici – rogor xar orientirebuli oTaxSi – kedelia Sens win, Tu fanjara. Tavidan giCndeba darwmunebuloba, rom Sens win fanjaraa, mere cvli mas darwmunebulobiT, rom is kedelia. da ase mravaljer. an Seni partniori miwisken daixara da giCvenebs, rom raRaca aiRo da muStSi uWiravs – Tavidan darwmunebulobas ayalibeb, rom moWeril muStSi raRaca aris, mere – piriqiT. amocana imaSia, rom rac SeiZleba Zlieri darwmunebuloba Camoayalibo. “darwmunebuloba” – esaa gc-s garkveuli fiqsacia, anu rodesac gc mdgradadaa dafiqsirebuli, Cndeba mdgomareoba, romelsac “darwmunebuloba” vuwodebT.

mgc-s tipiuri magaliTi - "aRqmis subieqtze", "aRqmis obieqtsa" da "aRqmis procesze" gayofa. aseTi garCevis gamoyeneba efeqturia Cveni yofiTi saqmianobisTvis, magram amasTan mizanSewonilia (ga-s, sicxadis, ggc-s miRwevis TvalsazrisiT) sakuTar Tavs angariSi gauwio imaSi, rom es garCevis mxolod erT-erTi xerxia. aris mxolod aRqma, romelsac vuwodebT "me vxedav mTas", da ar aris aRqmebi "mTa", "me", "vxedav", ase rom ggc-s ganviTarebisTvis aRqmebis "me", "vxedav", "mTa" arsebobaSi darwmunebulobis praqtikis Secvla darwmunebulobiT imaSi, rom mxolod erTiani aRqma arsebobs "me vxedav mTas", efeqturi aRmoCndeba.

kidev erTi efeqturi praqtika - "ara-mdinare, ara-mTebis" praqtikaa. quCaSi seirnobisas, sityvis "xe" magivrad ambob "ara-xe", "ZaRlis" magivrad "ara-ZaRli", da met arafers - sityvebs mxolod TavsarTs "ara" umateb, anu ar wvalob, ar ecdebi araCveulebrivi ram igrZno, da maSin es praqtika daRlilobas ar iwvevs, da ggc-s Tavisuflebis axali doneebi, axali ga-ebi Cndeba.

analogiuri praqtika aSkara sagnebis paraleluri fiqsaciis praqtikaa. mTas rom uyureb, ambob "mTa - es bevri qvaa". ueWvelod, es asea, raSic advilad SegiZlia darwmunde. rodesac im adamianis saxes ixseneb, romlis mimarTac kaSkaSa sinazes, silamazis grZnobas, erTgulebas ganicdi, ambob: "misi saxe - xorcis naWeria", rac aseve srulad sworia. adamianis SemTxvevaSi SegiZlia, darwmunebuliyo imaSi, rom igi ara marto xorcis naWeria, xolo mTis SemTxvaveSi aseTi darwmunebuloba mgc-s moqmedebis gamo ar arsebobs. amgvari praqtika gzas axali aRqmebis garCevisken gvixsnis, romlebisganac Cven mgc-s daxmarebiT Tavs gadavRobavdiT, da romlebic amJamad gansxvavdeba sxva aRqmebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, romlebic erTobliobaze "mTa" aris damokidebuli.

kidev erTi efeqturi praqtika - sakuTar TavTan meqanikuri dialogis ("sTd") Tanmimdevruli moSorebaa. amis gakeTeba miT ufro rTulia, rac ufro xSirad aris ne, rac ufro iSviaTad da sustadaa gamovlenili ga.

SiSi imisa, rom stereotipiuri fiqsaciebisgan gaTavisuflebuli gc srul dezorientaciamde migiyvans, iseTive dausabuTebelia, rogoricaa SiSi imisa, rom ne-s gareSe ugrZnobi gaxdebi - yvelaferi srulad sapirispiroa.

ggc-s ganviTareba (anu gc-s stereotipiuri fiqsaciebisgan gaTavisufleba) yvela ga-sTan rezonirebs, rac safuZvels gvaZlevs aseT gc-s ganaTebuli vuwodoT.

aRqmebis garCevis da zusti fiqsirebis (mogonebebis, mixatvebisa da gandevnebis gareSe) sasixarulo survils gulwrfelobas vuwodeb. ne, koncefciebi da meqanikuri survilebi gulwrfelobasTan SeuTavsebelia.

im Tvisebebs Soris, romlebic ggc-sTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli, Semdegs gamovyof:^ raRacaSi darwmunebuloba im pirobebSi Cndeba, rodesac Cveuli garCevisTvis safuZveli ar arsebobs, da am darwmunebulobis midevniT Zalian sasurvel Sedegebs iReb. magaliTad, SeiZleba mogindes gageba, ras grZnobs amJamad esa Tu is adamiani, da ganicado darwmunebuloba (gansakuTrebuli xarisxis, romelic konceftualuri, meqanikuri darwmunebulobisgan mkveTrad gansvavdeba) imaSi, rom igi ganicdis. SegiZlia SemdgomSi SeekiTxo im adamians mis aRqmebze im momentSi, da misi pasuxi Sens varaudebs Seadaro (ra Tqma unda, adamiani, romelic praqtikiT ar mecadineobs, gulwrfelad sakuTari aRqmebis aRweras ver SeZlebs, mas aucileblad moundeba mixatvebis gakeTeba an aRqmebis gandevna, an maT fiqsirebesac ki ar moisurvebs - Cveulebrivi adamianebi sakuTar Tavs yovelTvis atyueben). SegiZlia sakuTar Tavs hkiTxo - rogori moqceva ufro mizanSewonilia, rom maqsimalurad sasurveli Sedegi miiRo, qmedebebis garkveuli gzis mizanSewonilobaSi darwmunebuloba ganicado da Seamowmo is.

SegiZlia, vinmes mier SenTvis ucnob adamianze moxsenebisasas ki, mis aRqmebis mimarT darwmunebuloba ganicado da a.S. ggc-s aseTi Tviseba varjiSs, daxvewas, dabnelebebiT ganpirobebuli damaxinjebebisgan gawmendas eqvemdebareba. ggc-s am Tvisebis ganviTarebis SesaZleblobas mxolod ne-sgan unaklo Tavisufleba iZleva.

yvela adamians aqvs SesaZlebloba mgc-sgan gaTavisuflebis mokle gamocdileba ganicados. Zilisa da fxizlobis Soris arsebobs mokle momenti, romelsac "Serwymas" vuwodeb. rodesac iZineb, gare xmaurs garCev - fanjrebs gareT okeane xmaurobs, abazanaSi wyali gasdis, kedlebs gareT viRaca saubrobs. erTsac, meoresac da mesamesac garCev, anu am aRqmebis sazRvrebi arsebobs. Tu daZinebis process dawvrilebiT daukvirdebi, maSin garkveul momentSi, rodesac ToTqmis ukve gZinavs, SegiZlia saocari movlena daafiqsiro: sazRvrebi aRqmebs Soris gaqra, da ukve okeanes xmauri, adamianTa xmebi da abazanaSi wylis xma ar aris - aris erTiani aRqma, sadac sazRvrebi ar arsebobs - mgc-s qseli Camogdebulia, mgc gaCerebulia, da rodesac sabolood iZineb, ukve axali garCevebi Cndeba, romlebic sizmrebis samyarosTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli.

Serwymis momentebi Zalian xanmoklea - maqsimum ramdenime wamia, garda amisa, asi jeridan SegiZlia mxolod erTxel ise daiZino, rom es moxdes ara erTbaSad, aramed TandaTanobiT, da igrZno es momenti. amitomac mizanSewonilia mravaljeradi daZinebis praqtikis gamoyeneba - wvebi dasaZineblad, xolo Seni patrniori gaRviZebs ramdenime wamSi mis Semdeg, rac daiZineb (daZinebis momentis gansazRvra sunTqvis damaxasiaTebeli SecvliT SegiZlia). Sedegad erT saRamos Serwymis gamocdilebis aTobiT wami, SegiZlia, ganicado, da amiT mgc-sgan Tavisuflebis "gemo" daimaxsovro.

04-02) nebismieri adamiani drois yvela momentSi zustad icis, rom mas esa da is hqvia, mis mSoblebs ki - ase, rom igi ama da am skolaSi swavlobs, am adgilze imyofeba, mis winaSe esa Tu is amocanebi dgas, esa Tu is adamianebi misgan amasa da amas elodebian da a.S. informaciis uzarmazari, qaoturi gunda, romelic sakuTar TavTan akviatebul, paranoidalur dialogs iwvevs, romelic nf-s kvebavs, samyaros meqanikur suraTs ayalibebs. amasTan, am informaciis mxolod umniSvnelo nawili saintereso da sasurvelia. minda, rom sasixarulo survilebis, mimdinare gamokvlevebis Sesaxeb da a.S maxsovdes, magram ratom unda maxsovdes amJamad, romel qveyanaSi da qalaqSi vimyofebi, ramdeni wlis var da ra hqvia Cems mezoblebs? es informacia gamomidgeba maSin, rodesac is saWiro iqneba, magram ratom unda maxsovdes es mudam?

gaixsene, rogor gindoda zogjer raRaca gaixseno, magram arafriT gamogdioda, da am mdgomareobis warmoqmna Seecade. hkiTxe sakuTar Tavs "ra mqvia" da Seecade gaxsenebis SeuZleblobis mdgomareoba ganicado. rogorc yovelTvis, es TiTqmis SeuZleblad mogeCveneba, magram varjiSebiT mdgrad Sedegebs miaRwev. aqcie es formalur praqtikad - Sens mier arCeuli drois ganmavlobaSi yovel 15 wamSi saxelis daviwyeba gaaCine da daviwyebis xarisxi skaliT 1-dan 10-mde daafiqsire.

daviwyebis praqtika mexsierebas gaaZlierebs, yovelgvari nagvis avtomaturi Semgroveblisgan mas moqnil instrumentad gadaaqcevs.

miRebuli Cvevebi SegiZlia "ganaTebuli saxeebis gaCenis" praqtikaSi ("gsg") gamoiyeno. ga-sTan rezonirebadi saxeebi SegiZlia erTian suraTad Camoayalibo da rogorc mZlavri ganaTebuli faqtori gamoiyeno. magaliTad:

*) ruseTis miyruebuli patara qalaqi - aTasobiT SeumCnevel patara qalaqebs Soris erT-erTi. Tbili mSrali Semodgoma, wynari parki, Camocvlili foTlebi, mtveriani gza, romlis gaswvriv skamebi dgas. zogan moxucebi sxedan, zogjer axalgazrda dedebi etlebiT, patara bavSvebiT modian. erT-erT skamze mec vzivar da 70-wlian moxucs vasaxiereb - Cacmuloba, moZraobebi, mimika - yvelaferi imaze metyvelebs, rom moxuci var, TiTqmis Wkuidan gadasuli, yru, naxevradbrma. iSviaTad gverdze bavSvebi Caiqroleben, magram maTTvis me gamxmari xe var, aveji, maT arc gaaxsendebaT, rom aq vijeqi. uwyvetad eqstatur ga-s ganvicdi, axlebs aRmovaCen, praqtikaSi vmecadineob, romelsac usasrulo mogzaurobaSi mivyavvar. aravis aqvs Cemsadmi saqme, aravin arafers elodeba Cemgan da arc SemniSnavs. samyarom srulad gamomagdo, daZabunebuli naxevradmkvdari moxuci aravis ainteresebs da arc sWirdeba. ar aris aucilebloba, vinmeze StabeWdileba moaxdino, radgan is erTia da ukve Seqmnilia - naxevradmkvdari Zveli jirki. SemiZlia ganuyeneblad srulad sakuTar praqtikas davnebde da warmoudgenel gancdebSi vimogzauro.

aseT suraTTan CemTvis kaSkaSa miswrafeba, siamovnebis winaTgrZnoba, zeimi, brZolis sixaruli asociirdeba. magram Tu "gavixseno", rom axalgazrda ymawvili var, romelic himalaebze mogzaurobs, maSin, rogori saocaric ar unda Candes es, ga-ebi Sesustdeba.

rac ufro konkretulia gs, miT ufro advilia misi SenarCuneba, ga-sTan asociirebuli dakavSireba. Cveulebrivi adamianis mexsiereba, misi warmodgenis unari Zalze sustia, da sanam mis ganviTarebas ar daiwyeb, praqtikaSi seriozul instrumentad is ar gaxdeba. CamovTvli zogierT varjiSs, romelic maxsierebasa da warmosaxvas aviTarebs:

1) TamaSi "tutuci" 5x5 gonebaSi (TamaSobs ori adamiani - kvadratSi centrSi xuTi asodan Semdgar sityvas vwerT. moTamaSeebi rigrigobiT arsebul asoebs TiTo asos umateben, raTa maqsimakurad grZeli sityva gamovides, romelic diagonalebis garda, yvela mimarTulebiT ikiTxeba. imarjvebs is, visac asoebis jami ufro didi eqneba).

2) samganzomilebiani "tutucis" TamaSi, 3x3 gonebaSi

3) Wadrakis TamaSi

4) Wadrakis TamaSi gonebaSi

5) obieqtebis dawvrilebiTi damaxsovreba

Tu patara mdelos winaswari momzadebis gareSe warmovidgen, misi saxe Zalian bundovani iqneba – warmodgenili buCqi gaurkveveli mwvane laqa iqneba, da meti araferi. amitomac realuri buCqi vipove da dawvrilebiT Seviswavle, detalebSi davimaxsovre is, ris Sedegadac saerTo suraTi ufro mdgradi gaxda, ga-sTan misi rezonansi gamyarda.

imisTvis, rom iseTi rTuli obieqti, rogoricaa buCqi, daimaxsovro, analizs unda mimarTo – pirobiT Semadgenel nawilebad dayofo is da aRniSno isini.

soWis buCqis aRwera, romelic sakuTar gs-Si Cavde, ise iwyeba:

pirveli rto: vertikalurad zemoT midis; zomiT xelisgulze cotaTi didia; Tvalis formisaa; SuaSi – “enaa”, romelic marcxnivaa mobrunebuli, win waweulia; “frTa” enis zemoT iwyeba, ukanaa gamoSverili.

meore rto: iqve iwyeba, sadac pirveli; pirvelisgan marjvniv zemoT 30 gradusis daxriT midis; viwro Tvalis formisaa; qvemoT ori “yuria”, marcxena da marjvena, marcxena pirveli rtos uknidan gadauxvevs da masZe ise ideba, rom STabeWdileba iqmneba, TiTqos is – pirveli rtos nawilia; marcxena yurs aqvs wveri da kidev ori wveri samkuTxedis kuTxeebSi gamxmaria; zevidan – brtyeli oTxdoniani enaa frTiT, saZirkvelSi fisis patara wveTebia; marcxena sami foToli – pirdapir enis qveS – kibeebiviTaa ganlagebuli; Sua safexuris pirdapir marjvniv mdebare foTolo odnav ukanaa gadaxrili.

da a.S. buCqSi sul 40 rtoa. garda amisa, buCqs did blokebad vyof da mas saerTo aRweras vakeTeb – Tavidan uxeSs, mere ki, rodesac mTlianad yvelafers davimaxsovreb, SemiZlia davbrunde da buCqis detalizeba gavagrZelo. yvela termins garkveuli mniSvneloba aqvs – magaliTad “frTa” – foTolia, romelic im sibrtyis perpendikularuladaa gamoSverili, romelSic soWis sxva foTlebi mdebareobs; “yuri” – foTolia, romlis sigrZe mezobeli foTlebis sigrZes orjer am metad aRemateba; “ena” – rtos bolo foTlebia, romlebic erTbaSad im sibrtyeSi mdebareobs, romelic rtos dasawyisis sibrtyis perpendikularulia, da a.S. rodesac buCqs vixseneb, TanmimdevrobiT “vaTvaliereb” mas zemodan qvemoT, da mis aRweras xmamaRla vimeoreb (Cami damxmare teqsts ukvirdeba – gavixsene yvelaferi Tu ara), amasTan aRweris teqsts ar vimaxsovreb, da buCqs warmodgenaSi @vaTvaliereb”, TiTqis fanaris Suqs vatareb. TandaTanobiT, buCqs jeri jerze rom vixseneb, vamCnev, rom “mxedvelobis veli” fartovdeba – “fanaris Suqi” ufro farto xdeba, da mTeli rtos mTlianad xilvas viwyeb, da ara nawil-nawil. mere erTdroulad or rtos “vxedav” da ase Semdeg. Sedegad, am buCqs ga-Si rom warmovidgen, suraTi mniSvnelovnad cocxldeba, gansakuTrebiT Tu am buCqis mimarT simpatias ganvicdi, da swored aseTi obieqtebis sakuTar gs-Si Cadebas girCev – romlebic ga-sTan rezonirebs.

mere skams virCev, mis aRweras vakeTeb da imave gziT vimaxsovreb, da a.S. Tavidan muSaoba nela midis, magram saxeebis daWerisa da gaCenis xelovneba ixveweba.

Segnebul sizmarSi SemiZlia am patara mdelos aRqma gavaCino da masze aRmovCnde, rac saSualebas momcems ga-Si advilad Cavxde da saintereso gamocdilebac miviRo.